Paper accepted for publication in an edited volume on Weak Referentiality edited by Ana Aguilar-Guevara, Joost Zwarts, and Bert Le Bruyn. Volume to be submitted to John Benjamins. EPISTEMIC AND SCOPAL PROPERTIES OF SOME INDEFINITES

Farkas (1994, 2002a) points out that the concept of specificity with indefinites is notoriously non-specific, and serves as a cover term for at least three separate phenomena, namely scopal specificity, epistemic specificity, and partitivity (see also the summary in Ionin 2009). The focus of the present paper is on the first two types of specificity, leaving aside partitivity (also known as presuppositionality or set membership; see Enç 1991, Diesing 1992 and de Hoop 2003, among others, for discussion). Scopal specificity refers to the ability of the indefinite to be interpreted outside the scope of an operator, such as an intensional verb, as in (1), a modal, or negation (Dahl 1970; Ioup 1977; Kartunnen 1976): i.e., this type of specificity is equivalent to wide scope.